The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (CZMA) and the Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990 offer state governments a voluntary partnership with the federal government to protect coastal resources. To receive federal funding, participating states must create approved coastal zone management programs. The Act calls for the coordination of state and local water quality plans and specifies that federal agency activity “within or outside the coastal zone that affects any land or water use or natural resource of the coastal zone” must be consistent with the state programs. Under the 1990 amendments, states with approved plans must establish a non-point source pollution control plan to identify land-based sources of pollution of coastal waters. The Act establishes the National Estuarine Research Reserve System, and offers technical aid as well as funding to participating states.